Not without the reputation of the computer network, if not for the discovery you could not read this article ( using the Internet ) and I could not write (I write on the computer and it is connected to my router and the router is connected to the Internet). There is no doubt that computer networks are very complex when you look at the details, but the concept of networking by connecting the computers to each other is very simple. So let's find out in detail.
What is a computer network?
Simply put , the existence of a computer network or networking is where multiple computers are connected to each other and share data and hardware resources. Your single computer machine is already a very powerful device but you can do more with your machine by adding more computers or hardware (such as modems, printers, scanners, routers, etc.). Computers on computer networks are connected via wires, fiber optic cables, or wireless technology so that different devices (nodes) can communicate with each other. We use computer networks at different times according to the needs of the people.
Types of networking
Computer networking or networking is not a simple matter, nor is it a type of network; Suppose I am currently using a laptop and my laptop is connected to a home router. Also, my laptop is equipped with printers, external hard drives and other small devices, and you can compare my current situation with PAN or Personal Area Network. You can also call it a single person network . But if I give an example of an office where some computers are connected together, multiple printer scanners are connected together and the internet connection is shared with everyone; Then call it LAN or Local Area Network (Local Area Network). But LANs can be much larger, not just office or school computers or hardware, but computers in an area or computers in a country or the world can be connected together. And such a huge networking system is called WAN or Wide Area Network (Wide Area Network). The Internet is the WAN that keeps computers all over the world connected.
Permission and security
Permission and security is a vital thing in networking. Because no computer is connected to your network, it will not obey any of your commands. If you want to get any information from your other computer or use any resource, you must have its permission. For example, the Internet, where there are hundreds of websites on the server and you can access their pages whenever you want. But that doesn't mean you can access every single file from the web server . Just like I can't access your personal files, you can't access mine either. However, if you give permission to Kao, he will be able to access it. Most personal computers connected to the Internet only provide outgoing connections so that they can link to another computer but block incoming connections completely. The servers keep the incoming connection open subject to special software and certain permissions. No one can access that computer if the incoming connection is turned off, data from that computer cannot be read, and the request to read is ignored. If hackers want to gain access to a computer, they must gain access to that computer's incoming connection. Firewalls can be used to protect your computer on the network . It is possible to monitor incoming traffic and outgoing traffic.
Protocol
Networking or computer network Computers always follow logic, and wherever there is logic, there are rules. Computer networks can be compared to an army. Just as all the members of the army follow the rules of that team, so all the computers in the network follow the rules of that network. Speaking of LANs, for example, every node connected to a LAN (computer or other device such as a printer, scanner) must be connected in a simple pattern called network topology Is called. If you want, you can connect the computers by drawing long lines, here the line from one computer to another computer, from one to another will work. On the other hand, the machines can be connected in Star SEP or the machines can be connected by creating a connection loop by drawing a ring. You will get a clearer idea by following the image on the side. Moreover, the computers in the network follow the same rules and talk to each other, this is called protocol. By connecting to the same line, the devices both exchange and transmit data at the same time, so if the protocol is not followed, there will be confusion and it will not be possible to establish a relationship with each other.
How is the network formed?
To create a computer network or networking, it is necessary to connect the nodes to a link. Today, Office UG and Home UG have become a popular means of connecting devices to the network through wireless technology. But it is still used in many offices or large networks. Because wire or fiber optic cable is much faster and more secure than wireless technology. Is it necessary to connect your computer to another computer network first? Each node on the network must have a special circuit, called a network card or network interface card or NIC . Is called. Network cards are built-in in today's new computers or laptops. But if your computer is old, you need to insert a separate network card so that it can be connected to other computers on the network. Each network card has a unique code number so that the card can be identified separately and this number is called MAC or Media Access Control address. (Media Access Control).
You can compare a MAC address with a phone number. Just as we type a message to send an SMS to a number, so a computer on a network sends a message to another computer if it wants to send a message to its MAC address. Moreover, it is possible to ensure that any device on the network has permission to access any file through Mac. Suppose I have a Mac White list of a specific device on the router, then only that device can be connected to my network. Macs will be checked when other devices want to connect and no connection will be provided if they do not match. This will prevent hackers or networks from connecting to unfamiliar devices. Moreover, the bigger the networking, the bigger the line you will need. If you want to create a network via wireless and if the network is large, you need to use a repeater or signal booster to boost the signal . You will also need a switch, hub, router, etc.